What should be paid attention to when high-precision engraving machine is used in knife die processing?

This problem is very critical, which is directly related to the accuracy and efficiency of knife die machining. High-precision engraving machine is used in cutting die processing, and the core is to control it around three dimensions: material characteristics, equipment parameters and process details, so as to avoid precision error and equipment loss.

First, material pretreatment: to ensure the stability of the processing foundation.

The initial state of the substrate (such as wood board, steel plate and acrylic) of the die directly affects the engraving accuracy, so it must be treated in advance.

Material flatness inspection: use a level to confirm the surface flatness of the substrate, and the error should be controlled within 0.1mm to avoid uneven engraving depth caused by material deformation.

Selection of fixing method: choose the appropriate fixture according to the hardness of the material. The wooden knife die can be vacuum-absorbed, and the metal knife die needs to cooperate with the mechanical clamp to ensure no displacement during processing.

Drying treatment of materials: wood or paper substrate should be dried in advance, and the moisture content should be controlled at 8%-12% to prevent cracking or size shrinkage due to moisture change after carving.

Second, equipment parameter setting: matching the machining requirements of the cutter die.

The parameter setting of high-precision engraving machine should be accurately matched with the type of knife die (such as laser knife die and hardware knife die) and processing requirements.

Tool selection: Choose the tool according to the hardness of the base material, use cemented carbide tools (such as tungsten steel tools) for cutting metal die, and use high-speed steel tools for carving wood die, so as to avoid the decrease of precision caused by excessive tool wear.

Carving speed and depth: "low speed shallow cutting" mode is adopted in the initial test. For example, when cutting a 10mm thick steel plate, try to cut a depth of 2mm at a speed of 500mm/min, and then adjust it to the best parameters after confirming that there is no edge collapse, so as to prevent the cutter from breaking due to too high speed.

Path optimization: Optimize the carving path by software, reduce idle travel and repeated cutting, give priority to the order of "rough carving first, then fine carving", rough carving removes most of the allowance, and fine carving ensures the accuracy requirement of 0.01 mm.

Third, process and environmental control: reduce external interference

Environmental factors and operation details in the machining process are the key supplements to ensure the accuracy of the knife die.

Environmental temperature and humidity control: keep the processing environment temperature at 20℃-25℃ and the humidity at 50%-60%, so as to prevent the equipment guide rail from expanding with heat and contracting with cold due to temperature fluctuation, which will affect the positioning accuracy.

Real-time monitoring and calibration: After machining five cutter dies, use a micrometer to detect key dimensions (such as slit width and blade angle), and calibrate the X/Y/Z axis positioning of the engraving machine to ensure that the error is within the allowable range.

Chip removal and cooling: the cooling liquid circulation system should be turned on to prevent the tool from overheating; When the wooden knife die is processed, the dust suction device is enabled to avoid the accumulation of sawdust from affecting the judgment of carving depth.

IV. Post-inspection and maintenance: ensuring long-term stability

Inspection and equipment maintenance after machining can prolong the life of the machine and reduce subsequent problems.

Precision detection of the die: use the two-dimensional image measuring instrument to detect the key parameters of the die, such as the straightness of the blade and the spacing between the grooves, and the unqualified products need to be adjusted in time for re-processing.

Daily maintenance of equipment: clean the guide rail and lead screw after processing every day, and add lubricating oil every week; Check the concentricity of the tool chuck every month to ensure that the chuck is not worn or loose.